The largest grid comprises of two types of lines, principal meridians, and baselines. ","description":"The rectangular survey system, often referred to as the government survey system, is based on a system of lines that form rectangles and squares throughout the United States. Principal meridians run perpendicular to the earths equator, north to south. Where the two range lines and two township lines intersect, they form a township.\r\n\r\nNow, the way it really works is for this page to be filled with the lines going up and down and right to left so that you have many townships. Areas smaller than full-size sections are known as government lots and are numbered and placed in fractional sections. These range lines form ranges. Then the numbering drops down to 13 and goes right to left again and so forth:

\r\n\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_274749\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"532\"] Townships are divided into 36 sections numbered consecutively. The roads in a lot of communities in the U.S. run along survey Base Lines as well just like in Arkansas, especially in Little Rock, the baseline road follows the baseline used by the Louisiana Purchase surveyors. Same as term government rectangular survey: Way in which the U.S. government uses to subdivide public land. Remember, there are 36 square miles in a township, and each section is 1 square mile. A system established in 1785 by the federal government, providing for surveying and describing land by reference to principal meridians. Those states are: An error occurred trying to load this video. The land is then further divided into quadrangles. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Now, the way it really works is for this page to be filled with the lines going up and down and right to left so that you have many townships. Guide meridians and standard parallels form quadrangles. Government Survey System or Public Land Survey System functions just like a mailing label on an envelope. These divisions mean just that. As mentioned above, basically you can think of the US as a huge checkerboard, with vertical and horizontal lines splitting it up. You got it: Tic tac toe. The guide meridians occur every 24 miles east and west of the principal meridian. The Rectangular Survey System is a means of dividing and measuring large areas of land. Land is designated as either a base line (East-West) or principal meridian line (North-South). There are 16 townships in each quadrangle. True of False - When land is mapped on the rectangular survey system, you locate the parcel by reading the directions from left to right. Where the two range lines and two township lines intersect, they form a township. Principal meridians run perpendicular to the earths equator, north to south. The range lines run north and south parallel to the principal meridians. The smallest division in this system is usually 10-acre quarters. You may even see a question or two about the numbering system used for sections. - Definition & Types, Rectangular Survey System: Definition & Uses, Measuring the Area of a Rectangle: Formula & Examples, Fair Housing & Consumer Protection Laws in Real Estate, Property Condition Disclosure Statements in Real Estate, Real Estate Closing & Settlement Procedures, Real Estate Taxes, Warranties & Insurance, Real Estate Ethics & Professional Responsibility, DSST Business Ethics and Society: Study Guide & Test Prep, CLEP Principles of Marketing: Study Guide & Test Prep, NES Business Education (309): Practice & Study Guide, How to Positively Influence Others in the Workplace, OSAT Marketing Education (CEOE) (041): Practice & Study Guide, Maintaining Records in a Florida Real Estate Office, Seamless Application in a Wireless Network: Definition & Requirements, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. In other words, after section number 6, it drops down to 7 on the next tier then goes left to right to number 12. The sections are number 1 through 36 starting in the NE corner of the section continuing west along the top row. The range lines run north and south parallel to the principal meridians. The earliest land surveys in Minnesota were conducted under the jurisdiction of the Surveyor General of Iowa and Wisconsin, headquartered in Dubuque, Iowa. So, in the example above, Township 4 South would be T4S. A full rectangular survey system property description might read: By entering your email address and clicking the Submit button, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy & to receive electronic communications from Dummies.com, which may include marketing promotions, news and updates. (The figure below shows a variety of divisions in a quarter section.). A government check represents an area that measures 576 square miles.\r\n\r\nRemember that although these correction lines and guide meridians are the way the government deals with the issue of the earths curvature, it isnt the way the government survey system describes land. Records kept by the surveyors during the execution of the work varied over time. Quarter sections have an area of 160 acres.\r\n \t

Half sections: Half section is a description of any two abutting quarter sections within a section, usually accompanied by a directional notation indicating the half of the section in which the two quarter sections are located. Note that the more detailed legal descriptions usually begin with the smallest area and work to the largest. The rectangular survey system was enacted by the Land Ordinance Act of 1785. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. We know that there are 640 acres in one section, and we are taking a 1/4 of a 1/2 section. An area bounded on two sides by guide meridians and on the other two sides by correction lines is called a government check, check, or quadrangle, which is 24 miles square, meaning each of its boundaries is 24 miles long. Specific directional references are needed in the actual description to locate a particular piece of property, but for finding out how large a particular piece of property is, only the fractions matter.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_274747\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"556\"] Sections can be divided in a variety of ways, including quarters and smaller sections. Using the Fifth Principal Meridian in Missouri, the description would look like this: The W 1/2 of the SE 1/4 of Section 14, Township 2 South, Range 3 West of the Fifth Principal Meridian, Missouri. Doing the math, its 1/2 1/4 640 = 80 acres. The guide meridians occur every 24 miles east and west of the principal meridian. Also Check: When Is Open Enrollment For Government Healthcare. There is more than one type of legal description you must know for your exam. Remember, there are 36 square miles in a township, and each section is 1 square mile. You can drill down by clicking on the land map, but you need to click the calc button to get the latitude and longitude. Other survey systems include the metes and bounds system and the lot and block system. Township lines run parallel to the baseline, from east to west, defining how far north and south of the baseline a township is located. Whenever properties have irregular boundaries, the land may be further described using one of the two other systems described in this section. The first is the Metes and Bounds surveythe second is the Rectangular Survey System, also known as the Government Survey System or Public Lands Survey System. Rectangular Survey System - Divides land into rectangles - The system is based on two sets of lines - Principal Meridians and Base Lines Principal Meridians - Vertical lines, crossing base line. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. In the survey method, there has to be the creation of an initial point. The first sets of lines respectively are called principal meridians, which run north and south, and baselines, which run east and west. 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For instance, a quarter section always contains 160 acres, or a fourth of the total 640 acres in a section. Standard Parallels are also called as correction lines for the meridians to compensate for the curvature of the earth. The Rectangular Survey System was established in 1785 to identify, divide, and measure land, creating boundary lines for property owners. The following is a list of helpful terms: Correction lines and guide meridians were established to correct this problem in the government survey system. The system became official with the Land Ordinance Act of 1785. Since the earth is not flat like a checkerboard, there needed to be some adjustments made along the way to make sure everything worked out. Each one is distinguished by a different name and number and has an intersecting baseline. . We have Quarter sections, Half sections, township sections, townships, quadrangles, and principal meridians with baselines. It is extended north from the Base Line and runs at 24 miles east and west from the principal meridian. These townships are not the same as political subdivisions. It can be a quick and relatively straightforward way of dividing large areas of land into manageable, legally identifiable sections from the very large to the fairly small. TRID Guidelines & Compliance Checklist | What is TRID? It is known that Jefferson proposed a rectangular survey system, although his system was based on the decimal system -- townships 10 miles by 10 miles. The grid is divided into smaller sections known as quadrangles, townships, sections, half-sections, and quarter-sections, used to describe property boundaries in most of the United States. Since nothing is perfect, some sections of land ended up being larger or smaller than they should. What Is Chattel in Real Estate and Property? To learn more about these land descriptions, view our Real Estate Principles course, which provides information on ethics of practice, titles to and conveyance of real estate, deeds encumbrances and liens, distinctions between personal and real property, appraisal, finance and regulations, and more. Ian is a 3D printing and digital design entrepreneur with over five years of professional experience. This system utilizes a system of rectangular coordinates to create a map of a parcel of land. The rectangular survey system may just be a giant grid covering the United States, but understanding how it is used can seem a little complex, so stick with us while we cover the basic definitions.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'realestatelicensewizard_com-box-4','ezslot_11',688,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-realestatelicensewizard_com-box-4-0'); The largest grid comprises of two types of lines, principal meridians, and baselines. Using the land noted on the image, a parcel could be defined as the West half of the Southeast quarter of Section 14 of Township 2 South, Range 3 West. Rectangular Government Survey System The rectangular government survey system -also known as the Public Land Survey Although the lines start out the same distance apart, they get closer together as you get near one or the other end of the ball.\r\n\r\nCorrection lines and guide meridians were established to correct this problem in the government survey system. It is the lands boundary lines that also have terminal points and angles. The lot and block survey system is a method used in the United States and Canada to locate and identify land, particularly for lots in densely populated metropolitan areas, suburban areas, and exurbs.
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