margaret hamilton biography margaret hamilton biography

Margaret Brainard Hamilton (December 9, 1902 May 16, 1985) was an American actress and educator. In 1945, she played the domineering sister of Oz co-star Jack Haley in George White's Scandals, comically trying to prevent him from marrying actress Joan Davis, even going so far as to throw a hatchet at her. I was the first one to get it to work. Not because of his acceptance of the new 'term' per se, but because we had earned his and the acceptance of the others in the room as being in an engineering field in its own right. Hamilton and Ray Bolger were cast members in the 1966 fantasy film The Daydreamer, a collection of stories by Hans Christian Andersen. And if you have a news tip, correction or comment, let us know at: [email protected]. margaret-hamilton-bio-wiki-age-family-net-worth-height-nationality-and-facts.html. Credit: Deansfa Marriage and family of Margaret Hamilton Her "priority display" innovation had created a knock-on risk that astronaut and computer would slip out of synch just when it mattered most. At the time, no schools taught software engineering, so the team members had to work out any problems on their own. It was a memorable day when one of the most respected hardware gurus explained to everyone in a meeting that he agreed with me that the process of building software should also be considered an engineering discipline, just like with hardware. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Margaret Hamilton (December 9, 1902 - May 16, 1985) was an American film actress known for her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz. She notably wrote software for a program to identify enemy aircraft. [48] Others have used HOS to formalize the semantics of linguistic quantifiers,[49] and to formalize the design of reliable real-time embedded systems. Margaret Hamilton was born on August 17, 1936. A former schoolteacher, she worked as a character actor in films for seven years before she was offered the role that defined her public image. Elizabeth is also a post-secondary instructor in communications and science since 2015. Her other mid-1970s stage productions, as the producer, were The Three Sisters and House Party.[where? Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. "Hamilton contributed to concepts of asynchronous software, priority scheduling and priority displays, and human-in-the-loop decision capability, which set the foundation for modern, ultra-reliable software design and engineering," the citation for her medal read. Her husband is Paul Boynton Meserve (13 June1931 - 20 May1938)( divorced)( 1 child). The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. However, once there, she preferred to accept work at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), as a software developer. Margaret Brainard Hamilton (December 9, 1902 - May 16, 1985) was an American actress and educator. Hamilton said: What they used to do when you came into this organization as a beginner, was to assign you this program which nobody was able to ever figure out or get to run. Coming up with solutions and new ideas was an adventure. In 2003, she was given the NASA Exceptional Space Act Award for scientific and technical contributions. Her most visible appearances during this period were as general store owner, Cora, in a national series of television commercials for Maxwell House coffee. Margaret Heafield Hamilton was born on August 17, 1936, in Paoli, Indiana. She loved and doted upon children all her life. What are the characteristics of the Solar System? On April 28, 2017, she received the Computer History Museum Fellow Award, which honors exceptional men and women whose computing ideas have changed the world. That has been my favorite book since I was four.' [16] She moved on to another project in the summer of 1961, and hired and trained Ellen Fetter as her replacement.[12]. Houston! In 1939, Hamilton played the role of the Wicked Witch of the West, opposite Judy Garland's Dorothy Gale in The Wizard of Oz, creating not only her most famous role, but also one of the screen's most memorable villains. Danko made the fiery entrance to Munchkinland, not Hamilton. , money, salary, income, and assets. '[8], Hamilton's stand-in and stunt double for the Witch, Betty Danko, also suffered an on-set accident on February 11, 1939. They're scared. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The solution came from a young Margaret who assured the Mission Director that she could safely ignore the two error messages. The guidance and control systems would apply to both the lunar module (which would land on the moon) and the command module (which would orbit the moon while the lunar module was on the surface, then house the astronauts on their journey home.) The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Margaret Elaine Hamilton (born Heafield on August 17, 1936) is an American computer scientist, systems engineer, and business owner. "Everything was going according to plan until something totally unexpected happened, just as the astronauts were in the process of landing on the moon," she recalled. [2] Before she turned to acting exclusively, her parents insisted she attend Wheelock College in Boston, which she did, later becoming a kindergarten teacher. Having started on the stage in the early 1930s, she began to work extensively in the theater after leaving Los Angeles. Her son, interviewed for the 2005 DVD edition of the film, commented that Hamilton enjoyed the line so much, she sometimes used it in her real life. Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, to Jennie (Adams) and Walter Hamilton. As a girl, Hamilton loved math and science. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We had to find a way and we did. What are the Van Allen Belts and why do they matter? With the intention of pursuing graduate studies, Margaret moved to Massachusetts. [2010]. After graduation she married her first husband, James Cox Hamilton, and . President Barack Obama presents Apollo code developer Margaret Hamilton (at left) and "Apollo 13" actor Tom Hanks (right) with the Presidential Medal of Freedom on Nov. 22, 2016. In 1933, Hamilton was invited to repeat her stage role of the sarcastic daughter-in-law in the Broadway play Another Language for the MGM film version. Hamilton had to recuperate in a hospital and at home for six weeks after the accident before returning to the set to complete her work on the film and refused to have anything further to do with fire for the rest of the filming. NY 10036. Computer scientist Margaret Hamilton poses for a series of photos with the Apollo guidance software she and her team developed at the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory. Had one child, son, Hamilton Wadsworth Meserve, on June 12, 1936. The company was developed around the Universal Systems Language (USL) and its associated automated environment, the 001 Tool Suite, based on her paradigm of development before the fact for systems design and software development.[32][51][52]. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1998. While studying mathematics and philosophy at Earlham College in Richmond, Indiana, she met James Hamilton, and they subsequently married. Margaret H. Hamilton is a computer scientist who was instrumental to NASA's efforts to land humans on the moon in the 1960s and 1970s. [27] By Maia Weinstock | MIT News Office City Without Men. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Margaret Hamilton was born in 1936 in the United States. She also published six books. [59] Over time the term "software engineering" gained the same respect as any other technical discipline. She was portrayed by Fenella Woolgar in "Judy" (2019). In 1976, Hamilton co-founded with Saydean Zeldin a company called Higher Order Software (HOS)[40] to further develop ideas about error prevention and fault tolerance emerging from their experience at MIT working on the Apollo program. Design & Development: "Margaret Hamilton, 82, Dies; Played Wicked Witch In 'Oz', "Ah, The Songs of Long Ago! When asked about her experiences on the set of The Wizard of Oz, Hamilton said her biggest fear was that her monstrous film role would give children the wrong idea of who she really was. Discover Margaret Hamilton's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. If the computer hadn't recognized this problem and taken recovery action, I doubt if Apollo 11 would have been the successful moon landing it was. She also gained recognition for her work as an advocate of causes designed to benefit children and animals and retained a lifelong commitment to public education. The on-board flight software captured these alarms with the "never supposed to happen displays" interrupting the astronauts with priority alarm displays. View popular celebrities life details, birth signs and real ages. "From my own perspective, the software experience itself (designing it, developing it, evolving it, watching it perform and learning from it for future systems) was at least as exciting as the events surrounding the mission," she said. Anthony Oettinger,[53] Barry Boehm,[citation needed] and Hamilton have been credited with naming the discipline of "software engineering". [15], Hamilton remained a lifelong friend of The Wizard of Oz castmate Ray Bolger (the scarecrow). Join our Space Forums to keep talking space on the latest missions, night sky and more! Soon after, Neil Armstrong radioed the expected message to Houston: The Eagle has landed, The Eagle has landed. She was severely burned during the "Surrender Dorothy!" [17], It was her efforts on this project that made her a candidate for the position at NASA as the lead developer for Apollo flight software. Corrections? [23] This included error detection and recovery software such as restarts and the Display Interface Routines (also known as the Priority Displays), which Hamilton designed and developed. American software engineer and businesswoman, American computer programmer, businessman, and philanthropist. It does not store any personal data. It meant that if Aldrin, say, hit a button on the priority display too quickly, he might still get a "normal" response. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Her solution: when you see a priority display, first count to Her father, Thomas Storey, was the founder of the Stanford University School of Health. She later founded two software companiesHigher Order Software in 1976 and Hamilton Technologies in 1986, both in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Earlham College, Richmond. There was no second chance. But a software incident almost derailed the landing, as Hamilton recalled in a 2009 interview with MIT. [17], Hamilton's early experience as a teacher fueled a lifelong interest in educational issues. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. August 17, 2016. Discover Margaret Hamilton's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. Hamilton led the software engineering division at Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Instrumentation Laboratory. [16] Hamilton also served as Director of the Software Engineering Division. They're really scared for a second. Cameron Diaz Biography, Facts & Life Story, Cam Newton Biography, Facts & Life Story, Roman Reigns Biography, Facts & Life Story, Lindsay Lohan Biography, Facts & Life Story, Christopher Lloyd Biography, Facts & Life Story, Michael Chiklis Biography, Facts & Life Story, Computer Scientist, Systems Engineer and Business Owner. Guest in the House. Hamilton, a 24-year-old with an undergrad degree in mathematics, had gotten a job as a programmer at MIT, and the plan was for her to support her husband through his three-year stint at Harvard. And there's always a funny reaction, like 'Ye gods, they wish they hadn't asked.' The meaning of those almost mysterious codes was available to very few. Omissions? Barack Obama presented her with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016. Hamilton made her debut as a "professional entertainer" on December 9, 1929, in a "program of 'heart rending songs'" in the Charles S. Brooks Theater at the Cleveland Play House. She is from USA. She was contributing writer for Space.com (opens in new tab) for 10 years before joining full-time, freelancing since 2012. In 1954, she graduated from Thomas Hancock High School in Minnesota. marriedcelebrity; April 19, 2019; Celebrity Gossip; Born as Margaret Heafield, she is an American system engineer, computer scientist and a woman entrepreneur as well. [3] She also wrote software for a satellite tracking project at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories. This page was last edited on 26 February 2023, at 16:40. Your email address will not be published. I will return to work on one condition no more fireworks!" However, in By Your Leave (1934), she plays his housekeeper, and in Saratoga (1937), she has a colloquy with Morgan regarding a cosmetic product he invented (with side glances and eye rolls by Morgan as to its effect on her "beauty"). Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio to Jennie and Walter Hamilton. She appeared on an episode of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood in 1975 where she explained to children she was only playing a role and showed how putting on a costume "transformed" her into the witch. One of the many contributors to this effort was Margaret Hamilton, a computer scientist who led the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which in 1961 contracted with NASA to develop the Apollo programs guidance system. Managing Editor: While a decision was made in the moment to let the astronauts land, Hamilton pointed out that a fault analysis was done to see where the error was made. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. She helped write the computer code for the command and lunar modules used on the Apollo missions to the Moon in the late 1960s and early 70s. On August 17, 1936, Margaret Hamilton (ne Heafield) was born to Kenneth Heafield and Ruth Esther Heafield in Paoli, Indiana. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). She cofounded the company Higher Order Software in 1976 and established Hamilton Technologies 10 years later. Margaret Hamilton is an American software engineer and computer scientist best known for leading the team responsible for creating the software for the Apollo moon missions and Skylab space station. One of the many contributors to this effort was Margaret Hamilton, a computer scientist who led the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which in 1961 contracted with NASA to develop the Apollo program's guidance system. [81][14] The couple then moved to Boston, Massachusetts,[14] where they had a daughter, Lauren, born on November 10, 1959. Even adolescents. 1. "Kindergarten Lost Margaret Hamilton." In 1986 Margaret founded the company Hamilton Technologies in Cambridge, Massachusetts. As Neil Armstrong was already preparing to bring the ship down, the computer started displaying two errors: error 1201 and error 1202. Pres. And what had happened was it was tricky programming, and the person who wrote it took delight in the fact that all of his comments were in Greek and Latin. [61] Hamilton talks about "Errors" and how they influenced her work related to software engineering and how her language, USL, could be used to prevent the majority of "Errors" in a system. Space is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Hamilton also toured in many plays and musicals, even repeating her role of the Wicked Witch in specially written stage productions of The Wizard of Oz. Snyder, Lawrence and Henry, Ray Laura, "Fluency7 with Information Technology", Pearson, M. Hamilton, S. Zeldin (1976) "Higher order softwareA methodology for defining software". And it was at the age of 22 that she graduated from Earlham . She often remarked about children coming up to her and asking her why she had been so mean to Dorothy. Opposite Bud Abbott and Lou Costello, she played a heavily made-up witch in Comin' Round the Mountain, where her character and Costello go toe-to-toe with voodoo dolls made of each other. and he said, 'What else? Mutual respect was across the board. For her last stage role, she was cast as Madame Armfeldt in the Stephen Sondheim musical A Little Night Music, singing the song "Liaisons" for the national tour costarring with Jean Simmons as her daughter Desiree. A complete set of recovery programs was incorporated into the software. They like to hear it but they 'don't' like to hear it. [54][60] The IEEE Software September/October 2018 issue celebrates the 50th anniversary of software engineering. Profiled in "American Classic Screen Interviews" (Scarecrow Press). The Directors verdict reached Neil on the radio: GO, Go ahead, free. [13][14][15] Her work contributed to Lorenz's publications on chaos theory. New York, While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Although Margaret planned to study abstract mathematics at Brandeis University, she accepted a job at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) while her husband attended Harvard Law School. She led a team that was tasked with developing the software for the guidance and control systems of the in-flight command and lunar modules of the Apollo missions. [4][5] The family later moved to Michigan,[6] where Margaret graduated from Hancock High School in 1954. She grew up during a time when very few women studied computer science, but Hamilton knew she wanted to write code. Margaret Brainard Hamilton (December 9, 1902 - May 16, 1985) was an American movie actress. In Wired magazine, she said in 2015 "I enjoyed school, but there was something about maths that I loved more than anything". She studied mathematics at the University of Michigan in the 1950s and later earned a BA in mathematics with a minor in philosophy from Earlham College in 1958. She appeared regularly in supporting roles in films until the early 1950s and sporadically thereafter. Play Girl. The man had reached the Moon. The mirrors at the Ivanpah plant were configured to create a picture of Hamilton and the Apollo 11 by moonlight. Margaret Hamilton (Margaret Brainard Hamilton) was born on 9 December, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, is an Actress, Soundtrack. She was 82 years old. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Hamilton has published more than 130 papers, proceedings, and reports, about sixty projects, and six major programs. We knew that. Hat, Coat and Glove. The content of the programs was printed on continuous paper and stored in large folders. "Deeply Integrated Guidance Navigation Unit (DI-GNU) Common Software Architecture Principles". Four years later, she obtained the Bachelor of Arts in Mathematics at Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana (USA). Dedication and commitment were a given. In recent years, a striking photo of Hamilton and her teams Apollo code has made the rounds on social media and in articles detailing her key contributions to Apollo 11's success. What followed next were brief messages from Apollo 11 to Robledo de Chabela in Spain; and from Spain to Houston, where Margaret was; from Houston to Robledo; and from Robledo to Apollo 11. A century earlier, she had a worthy British predecessor named Ada Lovelace. She knew everything about these vital programs. "It quickly became clear that the software was not only informing everyone that there was a hardware-related problem, but that the software was compensating for it. According to Hamilton, this now-iconic image (at left, above) was taken at MIT in 1969 by a staff photographer for the Instrumentation Laboratory later named the Draper Laboratory and today an independent organization for use in promotion of the labs work on the Apollo project. When she was 80 years old, on November 22, 2016, Margaret Hamilton received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, presented by the President of the United States, Barack Obama, for her work at NASA during the Apollo missions. [16] A Republican, she supported the campaign of Dwight Eisenhower during the 1952 presidential election. [42][43][44] It was successfully used in numerous government programs[45][46] including a project to formalize and implement C-IDEF, an automated version of IDEF, a modeling language developed by the U.S. Air Force in the Integrated Computer-Aided Manufacturing (ICAM) project. The couple then moved to Boston. Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, to Jennie (Adams) and Walter Hamilton. She coined the term software engineer because she felt that the work she and her team were doing was just as important and just as much engineering as the other work on the Apollo spacecraft. Margaret Hamilton, the actress whose role as the cackling Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz unnerved generations of children, died yesterday, apparently of a heart attack, at a nursing home in Salisbury, Connecticut.