"I'm suspicious of the findings. Both papers made their conclusions based on analysis of fish remains at the Tanis fossil site in North Dakota. He says the reviewers for the higher-profile journal made requests that were unreasonable for a paper that simply outlines the discovery and initial analysis of Tanis. We werent just near the KT boundary. Ive done quite a few excavations by now, and this was the most phenomenal site Ive ever worked on, During says. Robert DePalma is a paleontologist who holds the lease to the Tanis site and controls access to it.. DePalma purported that these animals died during the asteroid's impact since the glass's chemical makeup indicates an extraordinary explosion something similar to the detonation of 10 billion bombs. [20] The sediment appeared to have liquefied and covered the deposited biota, then quickly solidified, preserving much of the contents in three dimensions. The site, after all, does not conclusively prove that the asteroid's impact actually caused the dinosaurs' demise, reported Science. Last month, During published a comment on PubPeer alleging that the data in DePalmas paper may be fabricated. Special to The Forum. His advisor suggested seeking a similar site, closer to the K-Pg boundary layer. Robert DePalma, a curator at the Palm Beach Museum of Natural History, found some rare fossils close to Bowman, North Dakota, in 2013 that led to a hypothesis of his own. Robert DePalma: We know there would have been a tremendous air blast from the impact and probably a loud roaring noise accompanied with that similar to standing next to a 747 jet on the runway. ", A North Dakota Excavation Had One Paleontologist Rethinking The Dinosaurs' Extinction, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Robert DePalma, a paleontologist at the Palm Beach Museum of Natural History and a graduate student at the University of Kansas, works at a fossil site in North Dakota. . The response doesnt satisfy During and Ahlberg, who want the paper retracted. This is not a case of he said, she said. This is also not a case of stealing someones ideas. The paper cleared peer review at PNAS within about 4 months. Sir David Attenborough presents this landmark documentary which brings to life, in unprecedented detail, the lost world of the very last days of the dinosaurs. Some recent examples include the 1964 Alaskan earthquake (seiches in Puerto Rico),[14] the 1950 Assam-Tibet earthquake (India/China) (seiches in England and Norway), the 2010 Chile earthquake (seiches in Louisiana). [5] The original discoverers of the site (Rob Sula and Steve Nicklas), who worked the site for several years, recognized its scientific importance and offered it to DePalma as he had some previous experience with working on fish sites. Robert DePalma Frederich Cichocki Manuel Dierick Robert Feeney: JPS.C.10.0001: Volume 1, 2007 "How to Make a Fossil: Part 2 - Dinosaur Mummies and Other Soft Tissue" . UW News staff. Scientists believe they have been given an extraordinary view of the last day of the dinosaurs after they discovered the fossil of an animal they believe . In 2004, DePalma was studying a small site in the well-known Hell Creek Formation, containing numerous layers of thin sediment, creating a geological record of great detail.His advisor suggested seeking a similar site, closer to the K-Pg boundary layer. Disbelievers of this supposition, though, point to the lack of fossils in the KT layer as proof that this thesis is false more fossils are discovered some 10 feet underneath the layer. The site lacked the fine sediment layers he was initially looking for. [1]:pg.11 Key findings were presented in two conference papers in October 2017. "I hope this is all legit I'm just not 100% convinced yet," said Thomas Tobin, a geologist at the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa. Proposed by Luis and Walter Alvarez, it is now widely accepted that the extinction was caused by a huge asteroid or bolide that impacted Earth in the shallow seas of the Gulf of Mexico, leaving behind the Chicxulub crater. The claim is the Tanis creatures were killed and entombed on the actual day a giant asteroid struck Earth. The mud and sand are dotted with glassy spherulesmany caught in the gills of the fishisotopically dated to 65.8 million years ago. By Dave Kindy. [2], A paper documenting Tanis was released as a prepublication on 1 April 2019. According to The New Yorker, DePalma also sports some off-putting paleontology practices, like keeping his discovery secret for so long and limiting other scientists' access to the site. As of April 2019, reported findings include: The hundreds of fish remains are distributed by size, and generally show evidence of tetany (a body posture related to suffocation in fish), suggesting strongly that they were all killed indiscriminately by a common suffocating cause that affected the entire population. They had breathed in early debris that fell into water, in the seconds or minutes before death. This had initially been a seaway between separate continents, but it had narrowed in the late Cretaceous to become, in effect, a large inland extension to the Gulf of Mexico. Some scientists were not happy with this proposal. Robert DePalma is a vertebrate paleontologist, based out of Florida Atlantic University (FAU), whose focus on terrestrial life of the late Cretaceous, the Chicxulub asteroid impact, and the evolution of theropod dinosaurs, was sparked by a passionate fascination with the past. Tanis is a site of paleontological interest in southwestern North Dakota, United States. Episode #52: Your Mother Was a Vetulicolian and Your Father Smelt of Elderberries with Henry Gee . [23], As of April 2019, several other papers were stated to be in preparation, with further papers anticipated by DePalma and co-authors, and some by visiting researchers.[24]. Robert A. DePalma, a paleontologist at the Palm Beach Museum of Natural History and a graduate student at the University of Kansas. "I've been asked, 'Why should we care about this? Nicklas also indicates that "in 2012 we decided to try to find an academic paleontologist who had the necessary interest, time, and the ability to excavate the site A good friend of ours, Ronnie Frithiof, recommended Robert DePalma. Boca paleontologist Robert de Palma uncovers evidence of the day the dinosaurs diedand how it connects to homo sapiens. Melanie During, a paleontologist at Uppsala University in Sweden, submitted a paper for publication in the journal Nature in June 2021. The excavated pointbar and event deposits show that the point bar had been exposed to the air for a considerable time, with evidence of habitation and filled burrows, before an abrupt, turbulent, high energy event filled these burrows and laid down the deposits. Additional fossils, including this beautifully preserved fish tail, have been found at the Tanis site in North Dakota. When we look at the preservation of the leg and the skin around the articulated bones, we're talking on the day of impact or right before. While DePalma corrected his claim, his reputation still took a hit. The chief editor of Scientific Reports, Rafal Marszalek, says the journal is aware of concerns with the paper and is looking into them. The 1960 Valdivia Chile earthquake was the most powerful ever recorded, estimated at magnitude 9.4 to 9.6. Robert DePalma, fdd 12 oktober 1981, r en amerikansk paleontolog och kurator . The Chicxulub impact is believed to have triggered earthquakes estimated at magnitude 10 11.5,[1]:p.8 releasing up to 4000 times the energy of the Tohoku quake.Note 1 Co-author Mark Richards, a professor of earth sciences focusing on dynamic earth crust processes[16] suggests that the resulting seiche waves would have been approximately 10100m (33328ft) high in the Western Interior Seaway near Tanis[1]:p.8 and credibly, could have created the 10 11 m (33 36 feet) high water movements evidenced inland at the site; the time taken by the seismic waves to reach the region and cause earthquakes almost exactly matched the flight time of the microtektites found at the site. The deathbed created within an hour of the impact has been excavated at an unprecedented fossil site in North Dakota. In December 2021, a team of paleontologists published data suggesting that the asteroid impact that ended the reign of dinosaurs could be pinned down to a seasonspringtime, 66 million years agothanks to an analysis of fossilized fish remains at a famous site in North Dakota. In June 2021, paleontologist Melanie During submitted a manuscript to Nature that she suspected might create a minor scientific sensation. Manning confirms rumors that the study was initially submitted to a journal with a higher impact factor before it was accepted at PNAS. They seem to have left the raw data out of the manuscript deliberately, he says. Tanis is part of the heavily studied Hell Creek Formation, a group of rocks spanning four states in North America renowned for many significant fossil discoveries from the Upper Cretaceous and lower Paleocene. Although they stopped short of saying the irregularities clearly point to fraud, mostbut not allsaid they are so concerning that DePalmas team must come up with the raw data behind its analyses if team members want to clear themselves. Robert DEPALMA, Postgraduate Researcher | Cited by 253 | of The University of Manchester, Manchester | Read 18 publications | Contact Robert DEPALMA That "disconnect" bothers Steve Brusatte, a paleontologist at the University of Edinburgh. If they can provide the raw data, its just a sloppy paper. The paleontologist believed that this new information further supported the theory that an asteroid killed the dinosaursalong with 75 percent of the animals and plants on Earth 66 million year ago. . "Capturing the event in that much detail is pretty remarkable," concedes Blair Schoene, a geologist at Princeton University, but he says the site does not definitively prove that the impact event was the exclusive trigger of the mass extinction. AAAS is a partner of HINARI, AGORA, OARE, CHORUS, CLOCKSS, CrossRef and COUNTER. Robert has been an Adjunct Professor in the Geosciences . It needs to be explained. [8] The site continues to be explored. A bad day for dinosaurs was the subject of an engaging hour-and-a-half for both paleontologists and NASA researchers. This dinosaur, a giant reptilian, lived during the Early Cretaceous period in oceans. Paleontologist Robert DePalma, featured in PBS's "Dinosaur Apocalypse," discusses an astonishing trove of fossils. The x-rays revealed tiny bits of glass called spherulesremnants of the shower of molten rock that would have been thrown from the impact site and rained down around the world. Manning points out that all fossils described in the PNAS paper have been deposited in recognized collections and are available for other researchers to study. Paleontologist Robert DePalma, postgraduate researcher at University of Manchester UK and adjunct professor for the Florida Atlantic University Geosciences Department, gave a guest talk at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, on April 6. Numerous famous fossils of plants and animals, including many types of dinosaur fossils, have been discovered there. A thin layer of bone cells on sturgeons fins thickens each spring and thins in the fall, providing a kind of seasonal metronome; the x-rays revealed these layers were just beginning to thicken when the animals met their end, pointing to a springtime impact. Everything he found had been covered so quickly that details were exceptionally well preserved, and the fossils as a whole formed a very unusual collection fish fins and complete fish, tree trunks with amber, fossils in upright rather than squashed flat positions, hundreds or thousands of cartilaginous fully articulated freshwater paddlefish, sturgeon and even saltwater mosasaurs which had ended up on the same mudbank miles inland (only about four fossilized fish were previously known from the entire Hell Creek formation), fragile body parts such as complete and intact tails, ripped from the seafish's bodies and preserved inland in a manner that suggested they were covered almost immediately after death, and everywhere millions of tiny spheres of glassy material known as microtektites, the result of tiny splatters of molten material reaching the ground. At Tanis, unlike any other known Lagersttte site, it appears freak circumstances allowed for the preservation of exquisite, moment-by-moment details caused by the impact event. Underneath a freshwater paddlefish skeleton, a mosasaur tooth appeared. Could it be a comet, asteroid, or meteor that crashed into the planet, and the reverberations ended the reign of the dinosaurs? High-resolution x-rays revealed this paddlefish fossil from Tanis, a site in North Dakota, contained bits of glassy debris deposited shortly after the dinosaur-killing asteroid impact. "We're never going to say with 100 percent certainty that this leg came from an animal that died on that day," the scientist said to the publication. The lead author of that paper, and of the 2021 Scientific Reports paper, is Robert DePalma, a paleontologist who was the central character in a lengthy story published by The New Yorker a day . And, if they are not forthcoming, there are numerous precedents for the retraction of scholarly articles on that basis alone.. "His line between commercial and academic work is not as clean as it is for other people," says one geologist who asked not to be named. It's at a North Dakota cattle ranch, some 2,000 miles (3,220 km) away. In December 2021, DePalma and his colleagues published an important paper . These tables are not the same as raw data produced by the mass spectrometer named in the papers methods section, but DePalma noted the datas credibility had been verified by two outside researchers, paleontologist Neil Landman at the American Museum of Natural History and geochemist Kirk Cochran at Stony Brook University. Using the same formula, the Chicxulub earthquakes may have released up to 1412 times as much energy as the Chile event. The site, dubbed "Tanis," first underwent excavation in 2012, with DePalma and his team digging along a section known as the Hell Creek Formation (via Boredom Therapy). May 9, 2022 at 7:00 a.m. EDT. "That's the first ever evidence of the interaction between life on the last day of the Cretaceous and the impact event," team member Phillip Manning, a paleontologist at the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom, told the publication. September 20, 2021. He is survived by his loving wife,. [5] Secrecy about Tanis was maintained until disclosed by DePalma and co-author Jan Smit in two short summary papers presented in October 2017,[2][3] which remained the only public information before widespread media coverage of the full prepublication paper on 29 March 2019. Last modified on Fri 8 Apr 2022 11.20 EDT. Top left, a shocked mineral from Tanis. 01/05/2021. In turn, the fish remains revealed the season their lives endedergo, the precise timing of the devastating asteroid strike to the Yucatn Peninsula. . Han vxte upp i Boca Raton i Florida. "The thing we can do is determine the likelihood that it died the day the meteor struck. Part of the phenomenally fossil-rich Hell Creek Formation, Tanis sat on the shore of the ancient Western Interior Seaway some 65 million years ago. The media article was published several days before an accompanying research paper on the site came out in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Get more great content like this delivered right to you! "Those few meters of rock record the wrath of the Chicxulub impact and the devastation it caused." Some of the gripes occurred because DePalma first shared his story with a mainstream publication, The New Yorker, instead of a more academic-based journal, said Bored Therapy. [1]:p.8 The site formed part of a bend in an ancient river on the westward shore of the seaway,[1]:p.8192[4]:pp.5,6,23 and was flooded with great force by these waves, which carried sea, land, freshwater animals and plants, and other debris several miles inland. A newly discovered winged raptor may have belonged to a lineage of dinosaurs that grew large after . The events at Tanis occurred far too soon after impact to be caused by the megatsunamis expected from any large impact near large bodies of water. Though this might seem like a large number, a study intheProceedings of the National Academy of Sciencessaidit's possible that more than 1,800 different kinds of dinosaurs walked the earth. Science asked other co-authors on the paper, including Manning, for comment, but none responded. One of these is whether dinosaurs were already declining at the time of the event due to ongoing volcanic climate change. DePalma also acknowledged that the manual transcription process resulted in some regrettable instances in which data points drifted from the correct values, but none of these examples changed the overall geometry of the plotted lines or affected their interpretation. McKinneys non-digital data set, he says, is viable for research work and remains within normal tolerances for usage.. Until a few years ago, some researchers had suspected the last dinosaurs vanished thousands of years before the catastrophe. [20], Later discoveries included large primitive feathers 3040cm long with 3.5mm quills believed to come from large dinosaurs; broken remains from almost all known Hell Creek dinosaur groups, including some incredibly rare hatchling and intact egg with embryo fossils; fossil pterosaurs for which no other fossils exist at that time; drowned ant nests with ants inside and chambers filled with asteroid debris; and burrows of small mammals living at the site immediately after the impact. DePalma, now a Ph.D. student at the University of Manchester, vehemently denies any wrongdoing. Instead, the layers had never fully solidified, the fossils at the site were fragile, and everything appeared to have been laid down in a single large flood. Please make a tax-deductible gift today. But no one has found direct evidence of its lethal effects. Additional fossils, including this beautifully preserved fish tail, have been found at the Tanis site in North Dakota. Episode . By Nicole Karlis Senior Writer. Something is fishy here, says Mauricio Barbi, a high energy physicist at the University of Regina who specializes in applying physics methods to paleontology. Eighteen months before publication of the peer-reviewed PNAS paper in 2019[1] DePalma and his colleagues presented two conference papers on fossil finds at Tanis on 23 October 2017 at the annual meeting of the Geological Society of America. Sir David Attenborough is to examine the mystery of the dinosaurs' last days in a BBC1/PBS/France Tlvisions feature film that will unearth a dig site hidden in the hills of North Dakota. Both Landman and Cochran confirmed to Science they had reviewed the data supplied by DePalma in January, apparently following Scientific Reportss request for additional clarification on the issues raised by During and Ahlberg immediately after the papers publication. Could this provide evidence to the theory that an asteroid did indeed cause the mass extinction of the dinosaurs? . Another question about dinosaurs is what caused their extinction and there are many theories about that, too. He has mined a fossil site in North Dakota secretly for years. Robert DePalma. [22] The discovery received widespread media coverage from 29 March 2019. It could be just one factor in a series of environmental events that led to their extinction. If I were the editor, I would retract the paper unless [the raw data] were produced posthaste, he says. These powerful creatures prowled the Earth for about 165 million years before mysteriously disappearing (via U.S. Geological Survey). Retaliation is also prohibited by university policy. Your tax-deductible contribution plays a critical role in sustaining this effort. Subscribe to News from Science for full access to breaking news and analysis on research and science policy. On 2 December, according to an email forwarded to Science, the editor handling DePalmas paper at Scientific Reports formally responded to During and Ahlberg for the first time, During says. Dinosaurs - The Final Day with David Attenborough: Directed by Matthew Thompson. [1]:p.8, Although Tanis and Chicxulub were connected by the remaining Interior Seaway, the massive water waves from the impact area were probably not responsible for the deposits at Tanis. A version of this story appeared in Science, Vol 378, Issue 6625. Tanis is on private land; DePalma holds the lease to the site and controls access to it. She and her supervisor, UU paleontologist Per Ahlberg, have shared their concerns with Science, and on 3 December, During posted a statement on the journal feedback website PubPeer claiming, we are compelled to ask whether the data [in the DePalma et al.
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