It is the best way of guaranteeing that you are passing on your property to your son, because in a monogamous relationship you have a clear idea of who your own children are. Symbiotic Interactionism is one of the sociological theories which focus on the relationships and individual perspectives of people. Feminists argue that Marxists overlook the role of the family in maintaining gender inequalities. short answer exam practice questions and exemplar answers 3 examples of the 10 mark, outline and explain question. 1. The Marxist Perspective on the Family and Overiew: This post has been written primarily for students studying the families and household option as part of A-level sociology. Conflict theories assume that all societies have structural power divisions and . A strength of the functionalism theory is socialisation and how social order is achieved through it. Feminists argue that Marxists focus too much on social class inequalities whilst disregarding the role of the family in maintaining. The monogamous nuclear family guaranteed that people could pass on their property to their own kin, as monogamy made clear whose children were whom (Stern, 1948). There are plenty of families who reject the consumerist lifestyle and many families bring their children up to be independent thinkers. Marxism is a sociological conflict theory that originates from the work of Karl Marx. It helped preserve capitalism by depositing wealth in a private family instead of passing it on to the community. The bourgeoisie, or capitalist class, used their personal wealth to invest in businesses in order to make a profit which they did not invest for the benefit of everyone else. This is also referred to as 'keeping up with the Joneses'. Its 100% free. 2 The Traditional Natural Law Theory: Strengths and Weaknesses The theory provides a clear understanding of procreation as an inherent gift important to animals and plants. A family is a stable unit and institution that keeps society stable. We'll start by looking at German philosopher Friedrich Engels' views on the family. Marxian economics focuses on the role of labor in the development of an economy, and is critical of the . While Marxists focus on the nuclear family by way of showing how it meets the needs of capitalism, Marxists ignore recent economic and educational changes which seem to have resulted in a radical change in how women think of their careers. For example, the capitalist system depends on the unpaid labor of mothers who reproduce, feed, and clothe future generations of workers. An isolated nuclear family means that men can confirm whether a child belongs to them and ensure that wealth remains in the family through private inheritance. But when that worker has to also take dependents into account (e.g. A nuclear family refers to a traditional family structure consisting of a two-parent family with one or more children. 3. 1. Create and find flashcards in record time. The family is described as an ideological apparatus this means it socialises people to think in a way that justifies inequality and encourages people to accept the capitalist system as fair, natural and unchangeable. As Marx felt that religion was used to control people, Marxism would not allow people to be free of choosing their spirituality. Advantages and disadvantages of Marxist perspectives, The Marxist perspective on the family focuses on the nuclear family and ignores other. Conflict theory is a general term coving a number of sociological approaches, which appose functionalism, and which share the idea that the basic feature of all societies was the struggle between different groups for access to limited resources. It helps with capitalism. For example what is good in Marx is its wide scope; what is weak is that this wide scope may lead the researcher away from the details of the case; what is good is the focus on conflict and change but this very strength is a weakness if it . Along with the creation of social class inequalities, Engels claimed that the nuclear family also created gender inequality as men took control of women's sexuality and labour to reproduce and raise the next generations. 4. The family socialises children into accepting authority and believing that the exploitation is 'normal'. While cushioning the effects of capitalism, the family perpetuates the system and cannot compensate for the alienation between the rich and poor created by capitalist society. Instead they argue . This means that the family serves not only an ideological function, but also an economic function. And why is the ownership of private property important? Look at the following phrases, are they strengths of Marx's argument or weaknesses of Marxism. Marxism is a conflict perspective in the family that argues that the working-class, the proletariat, is exploited by the capitalist class, who profit off of their labor. In the Marxist view the family is a part of the superstructure of capitalist society which operates not in the interests of society and all of its members equally but in the interests of the capitalist system and of the capitalist class within that system. Social capital refers to the access to important or influential contacts or networks. For example, the positive experience of being a housewife and mother are dismissed as capitalist ideology and false consciousness regardless of how real these feelings are for the individuals involved. Its fundamental argument is that capitalist society is based on inequalities between the 'bourgeoisie' (ruling capitalist class) and 'proletariat' (working class). There is not much research to suggest that the emergence of capitalism. Fig. Psychoanalytic View. This type of feminism is based on the understandings of Marxism, proposed by Karl Marx and collaborator Friedrich Engels in the 19th century. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. The strength of the new right is that it views the nuclear family into having positive aspects. This does not consider the possibility that proletariat parents and children may actively resist this process (Thompson, 2014). In modern times, the vast power of multi-nationals and monopolies seems to exercise a total stranglehold on the world, holding access to economies of scale, staggering sums of money, ability to manipulate commodity prices and even the influence of government policies. For example, the latest phone will become obsolete, or even nonfunctional, a few years after it is purchased and clothing tends to go frequently in and out of fashion. Is always good and happy. Feminists argue that gender inequality existed ____ the emergence of capitalism, contrary to Engels' belief. The family and change. Conversely, working-class children suffer from a lack of cultural capital as they may not have the same knowledge or attitudes about education or how to behave. Marxists believe that the family has many roles which are beneficial to the capitalist society. Strengths and weaknesses of the functionalist approach to society Pages: 2 (371 words) Functionalist theory of crime and . Although historically the Marxist paradigm went into eclipse during the early twentieth century, the field has developed rapidly during recent years. Criticisms of the Marxist view of the family. As is often the case, there are similarities between the functionalist and Marxist case: they both think that families perform important functions for the society as it is . As a result, children are conditioned to accept imbalances of power and control. Institutions generally work in the interests of the small, elite bourgeoisie class who have economic power or those of the much larger working class, or proletariat. Before capitalism, traditional and tribal societies were classless and did not have private property. Examine Marxist Views on the role of the family (30 marks) A key feature of the Marxist perspective is the belief that society is centred around an unfair class division which is maintained through Capitalism. One way in which this happens is that there is a hierarchy in most families which teaches children to accept there will always be someone in authority who they must obey, which then mirrors the hierarchy of boss-worker in paid employment in later life. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. False needs can also include many of the products that people buy out of fear, or in order to make themselves safe, especially if that fear is engineered by the capitalist system in order to keep the population under control (Zaretsky, 2010). Subsequently, as adults, they can't get well-paid jobs and therefore are unable to 'move up' the social ladder and improve their circumstances. Marx gives society the knowledge and may pass on unknown information to the proletariat about their unfair treatment within society in comparison to the bourgeoisie. Talcott Parsons claims that the family has positive functions, such as providing a 'safe haven' and place of comfort for its members. Conflict may come up about what faith the children should be raised in. Indeed, Marxists have done little research to investigate whether members of families actually do have this relationship with capitalism. Assess the strengths and weaknesses of the functionalist view on society. It limits opportunities for entrepreneurs. Marx's interpretation of human nature begins with human need. Next, we'll look at American professor Eli Zaretksy's views on the family. The three men accepted that religion is a deception; since culture and location can impact religion so much . However, this conflict of interests rarely boils over into revolution because institutions such as the family perform the function of ideological control, or convincing the masses that the present unequal system is inevitable, natural and good. This reinforces social class inequalities. Marxism in sociology is a key conflict theory originating from the work of Karl Marx. Family relations, based on clear legal contracts, facilitate inheritance and therefore when rich people die it is their children who keep hold of their wealth. This includes access to private education and tutors, enriching school trips, and computers or laptops. Marxist philosophy on education sees economics lying at the root of every human activity, though this is not absolutely factual on scientific point of view, as economics occupies the pivotal position in the curriculum is one of the main objectives to acquire productive skills, which would result to creative faculties of children being neglected. Nie wieder prokastinieren mit unseren Lernerinnerungen. Before Capitalism, traditional, tribal societies were classless and they practised a form of primitive communism in which there was no private property. The theory of religion attempts to explain its origin, how it functions, and its effects on the minds of every individual who believes to be religious. The conflict theory originated with German philosopher Karl Marx. Charlotte Nickerson is a member of the Class of 2024 at Harvard University. According to Engels, the nuclear family promotes inheritance and . Science & Society, 42-64. The Marxist perspective of education in society can be very questionable because Marxist theorists such as; Louis Althusser, Bowles and Gintis, David Reynolds and Willis all seem . Marxism asserts that workers cannot unite if they are divided, and he talks in great deal about the plight of women. , such as providing a 'safe haven' and place of comfort for its members. It does not value the concept of private ownership. The word Fascist is taken from fascio, an Italian word which mean a tied bundle of sticks, fascio is used in . 1) Families must keep up with the material goods/services acquired by their neighbours and peers e.g. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. Althusser argues that the family, as part of the superstructure of capitalist society, socializes children into norms and values that are useful to the capitalist ruling class. But as far as Marxism is concerned, free competition inevitably begets monopoly, where the struggle between big and small capitals always yields to the same result. What is the relationship between families and consumption? 2002-2023 Tutor2u Limited. children do learn the skills necessary for lower status occupations-state schools tend to emphasize practical work and apprenticeships. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. Society does not have a life of its own (organic analogy), it is dependent on the . children also gain the qualifications . Company Reg no: 04489574. It includes a broad range of issues that women face within the criminal justice system and society. It believes that capitalist society is based on inequalities between the ' bourgeoisie' (ruling capitalist class) and ' proletariat' (working class). The last hundred years has also ushered in a diversity of family forms such as dual-career families, single-person households, same-sex couples, polyamorous groups, and so on. The Bourgeoise gain their wealth from exploiting the . Marxism creates a system of true equality, whereby everyone shares abundantly in society's wealth. Under the Marxist philosophy, communities will be working together to achieve success, where all people would come together to provide for each other, with the help of the government distributing resources as required. Their reactions and actions towards them are according to . It socialises children into accepting capitalist ideologies and authority, which prepares them to accept control and exploitation in the workplace. Key to understanding this theory of the family as a "unit of consumption" is the idea of "false needs." Zaretsky claims that the family performs both an ideological function and economic function. a spouse and children) that becomes a much more difficult decision. Although this system had some disagreements with socialism and communism, but still they had some views in common. 5. Families: Marxism. These can include things that make life in a capitalist system bearable, such as things that fulfill a need for distraction. Sharing the same table: consumption and the family. 2 Pages. In his vision of a classless world, there are equal gender roles, ethnicity, racism, and discrimination. Under Marxism, you would have the freedom to have your own faith, but you would not have the freedom to practice it in a way that is organized. Zaretsky sees the family as a major unit of consumption of goods and services. There is the belief that women are oppressed and/or disadvantaged by various social institutions. The family builds demand for goods in a number of ways. 3 - Zarestsky claims that families are urged to appear trendy by buying the latest products. Rather than exploiting managers, Marxism encourages unions to stand up for personal rights, creating a system of checks and balances for a maximum production level to be achieved. 39). Here are its strengths and weaknesses: List of Strengths of Marxism. He believed in putting equality of society . What is the Marxist perspective on families and households? A family is a stable unit and institution that keeps society. disprove each other, how do parents support the children in teaching them right and wrong if both parents are working full time? This benefits society as a whole, not just a particular group. For Engels, then, family is all about blood lines and proof of parentage. Marxists such as Engels and Zaretsky acknowledge that women are exploited in marriage and family life, but they emphasise the relationship between capitalism and the family, rather than the family's effects on women.
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